Marama 1 · Wahanga 1
🐙 Te Wheke — Te Whanau (The Head)

Ko Au Tenei

This is Me — Identity, Pepeha & the Foundation

In Te Wheke, the head of the octopus is Te Whanau — family as the foundation of all wellbeing. Before you speak the language of others, you must speak yourself into existence. This month you build your pepeha and learn the Ko sentence that anchors identity in te reo Maori.

Ko ___Key Pattern
He ___Description
10/dayKupu Hou
200 wordsWritten
🐙
Te Wheke Dimension — This Month
Te Whanau — The Head of the Octopus
Whanau (family) is the foundation of all wellbeing in Te Wheke — it is the head from which all other dimensions flow. A strong, connected whanau fosters resilience, identity, and emotional security. This month your reo work is an act of whanau care — learning your pepeha is naming who you are and where you belong.
Ora Practice — Daily Wellbeing Act

Each morning this month, say your pepeha aloud before you leave the house. Share it with one of your tamariki this week. Ask your mama or papa to tell you their pepeha — or help them build one.

Ahua Reo 1 — Ko (The Equative Sentence)

Ko ___ ___

Identity / Equative
Ko [noun/name] [subject] — "___ is ___" · Used for names, places, relationships, identity
Ko Tane toku ingoa.Tane is my name.
Ko Ruapehu toku maunga.Ruapehu is my mountain.
Ko Whanganui toku awa.Whanganui is my river.
Ko Ngati Porou toku iwi.Ngati Porou is my iwi.
Ko wai tou ingoa?What is your name?
Ko ia toku hoa.She/he is my friend.
Ahua Reo 2 — He (Indefinite Description)

He ___ ___

Description — "I am a ___" / "This is a ___"
He [noun] [subject] — describes what something IS (without specifying a particular one)
He tangata ahau.I am a person.
He kaiako ia.She is a teacher.
He kainga pai tenei.This is a good home.
He aha tenei?What is this?
He whanau nui toku.My family is large.
Ahua Reo 3 — Possession (Toku vs Taku)

Toku / Taku

O-class vs A-class — the most important distinction in te reo

O-class (toku, o, no) is for things you don't control — parents, land, body, identity. A-class (taku, a, na) is for things you control or create — books, friends, work, songs.

O-class (toku)
Toku mama — my mother
Toku papa — my father
Toku maunga — my mountain
Toku awa — my river
Toku iwi — my iwi
Toku kainga — my home
Toku ingoa — my name
A-class (taku)
Taku pukapuka — my book
Taku hoa — my friend
Taku mahi — my work
Taku waiata — my song
Taku tuhinga — my essay
Taku pepeha — my pepeha
Taku kai — my food
Tauira Pepeha — Your Pepeha Template

Fill in every line — then say it aloud 3 times, getting louder each time

Ko                toku maunga. (your mountain)
Ko                toku awa. (your river)
Ko                toku waka. (your ancestral canoe / connection)
Ko                toku iwi. (your iwi — or region if non-Maori)
Ko                toku hapu. (your hapu / community)
Ko                toku marae. (your marae)
Ko                toku ingoa.
No reira, tena koutou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa.
Ataarangi — Daily Kupu Hou (Week 1)

Say each kupu in 3 different sentences aloud — every day this week

Ko (is / equative marker)
  1. Ko Hemi toku ingoa. — Hemi is my name.
  2. Ko wai tou ingoa? — What is your name?
  3. Ko ia toku hoa pai. — She is my good friend.
Whanau (family)
  1. He whanau nui toku. — My family is large.
  2. Ko toku whanau te mea nui. — My family is the most important thing.
  3. Kei hea tou whanau? — Where is your family?
Marae (tribal meeting place)
  1. Ko Owae toku marae. — Owae is my marae.
  2. He nui toku aroha ki toku marae. — My love for my marae is great.
  3. Kei hea to marae? — Where is your marae?
Nga Whakamahere — Exercises
1

Build Ko sentences from the prompts

  • a.
    My name is ___.
  • b.
    Waikato is my river.
  • c.
    What is your name?
  • d.
    She is a student. (tauira)
  • e.
    This is a good home.
2

Toku or Taku? Circle the correct form

  • a.
    toku / taku pukapuka (my book)
  • b.
    toku / taku mama (my mother)
  • c.
    toku / taku waiata (my song)
  • d.
    toku / taku kainga (my home)
  • e.
    toku / taku hoa (my friend)
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Te Whanau — Monthly Reflection
"He aha te mea nui o toku whanau i tenei wa?" — What is the most important thing about my whanau right now?

Write your answer below in te reo — even just a few words. Use Ko and He sentences.

Ko _____________________________________________
He _____________________________________________
Ko _____________________________________________
No reira, _______________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 1 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: Pepeha (3 minutes)

Deliver your full pepeha from memory. Assessed on: correct Ko structure throughout, pronunciation of place names, confidence (not reading from notes), appropriate closing.

✍️ Written: Mihimihi (200 words)

Write a mihimihi introducing yourself. Include pepeha, role/occupation (He sentences), and a brief whanau description. Use at least 8 Ko sentences, 3 He sentences, and show correct O/A possession 4+ times.

🌿 Ora Task: Share your pepeha

Teach your pepeha to one of your tamariki this month. Record yourself saying it. Notice how it feels in your body — this is mauri in action.

Marama 2 · Wahanga 1
🐙 Te Wheke — Whanaungatanga (Relationships)

Te Whanau

Family, Relationships & the Present Tense

Whanaungatanga — the dimension of relationships, support systems and social cohesion — is the tentacle that holds the whanau together. This month you describe the people you love in te reo, using the present tense (Kei te). Your household of seven is your living language classroom.

Kei tePresent tense
Nga tauNumbers 1–20
5 minsOral
🤝
Te Wheke Dimension — Whanaungatanga
The Tentacle of Relationships
Whanaungatanga emphasises strong relationships, support systems, and social cohesion. Healthy relationships provide emotional security, cultural identity, and collective strength. This month your reo learning IS whanaungatanga — by naming your whanau members in te reo, you are strengthening the bonds between you.
Ora Practice — This Month

Use one te reo sentence per day with a family member. Start with "Kei te kai tatou" at dinner. "Kei te moe nga tamariki" at bedtime. Small words, big connection.

Ahua Reo 4 — Kei te (Present Progressive)

Kei te ___ ___

What is happening right now
Kei te [verb] [subject] — "[subject] is ___-ing" (present action)
Kei te kai ahau.I am eating.
Kei te moe nga tamariki.The children are sleeping.
Kei te korero Maori ia.She is speaking Maori.
Kei te mahi toku mama.My mother is working.
Kei te ako matou i te reo.We are learning the language.
Kei te haere koe ki hea?Where are you going?
Kei te koa toku ngakau.My heart is joyful.
Nga Kupu Whanau — Family Vocabulary
MaoriEnglishClassExample
MamaMotherOKei te tahu kai toku mama.
PapaFatherOKei te mahi toku papa.
TuakanaOlder sibling (same gender)OHe ataahua toku tuakana.
TeinaYounger sibling (same gender)OKei te haere toku teina ki te kura.
TunganeBrother (of a woman)OHe kaha toku tungane.
TuahineSister (of a man)OKo Hera toku tuahine.
TamarikiChildrenAE rima oku tamariki.
KorouaGrandfather / elder manOHe matou toku koroua.
KuiaGrandmother / elder womanOHe mohio toku kuia.
MokopunaGrandchild/grandchildrenAHe ataahua nga mokopuna.
Nga Tau — Numbers 1–20
NumberMaoriExample
1KotahiKotahi taku tamaiti. — I have one child.
2RuaE rua oku tuakana.
3ToruE toru nga kuri i reira.
4WhaE wha nga tamariki.
5RimaE rima oku tamariki. — I have five children.
6–10Ono, Whitu, Waru, Iwa, TekauE tekau nga kupu hou ia ra. — 10 new words per day.
20Rua tekauRua tekau tau toku teina.

Formula for counting: E [number] nga/oku [noun] — "There are [number] [noun]"

Tauira — Describe Your Whanau

Complete and say aloud — describe your actual whanau

Ko toku whanau, he whanau          . (nui=large, pai=good, aroha=loving, kaha=strong)
E       oku tamariki. (number)
Ko           toku mama. Kei te           ia inaianei.
Ko           toku papa. Kei te           ia inaianei.
He                   toku whanau.
He nui toku aroha ki a ratou katoa.
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Whanaungatanga — Monthly Reflection
"Ko wai te tangata e tino hono ana ki a koe?" — Who is the person most deeply connected to you?

Write 3–4 Kei te sentences about this person — what they are doing in your life right now.

Kei te ____________________________________________
Kei te ____________________________________________
He ________________________________________________
Ko ________________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 2 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: Whanau description (5 minutes)

Describe your whanau without notes. Use Kei te for at least 4 sentences. Include numbers. Say what each person is doing right now.

✍️ Mahi Kainga: Whakapapa passage (200 words)

Write a whakapapa passage naming 3 generations. Use Ko sentences, He sentences, correct possession throughout.

🌿 Ora Task: Whanaungatanga audit

Write the names of 5 people who are your key relationships right now. For each, write one Kei te sentence about how they support your ora (wellbeing).

Marama 3 · Wahanga 1
🐙 Te Wheke — Waiora (Total Wellbeing)

Te Wa me te Taiao

Time, Place, Environment & Total Wellbeing

Waiora — the eyes of the octopus — represents total wellbeing incorporating physical, mental, emotional, spiritual and social health. It acknowledges environmental determinants like clean water, air, and safe living. This month you connect language to the natural world — the Maramataka, time, and place.

I ___Past tense
Kei heaLocation
MaramatakaLunar calendar
👁️
Te Wheke Dimension — Waiora
The Eyes — Total Wellbeing
Waiora is the vision of complete health — physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, and environmental. The Maramataka you learn this month is a direct expression of Waiora: a living system that reads the environment and synchronises human activity with the natural world. Learning it is itself an act of wellbeing.
Ora Practice — This Month

Check the Maramataka phase each morning. Note whether your energy and the day's activities feel aligned with it. Begin each day by looking outside — name what you see in te reo (ua=rain, ra=sun, hau=wind, moana=sea).

Ahua Reo 5 — Past Tense (I ___)

I ___ ___

Simple past — what happened
I [verb] [subject] — "[subject] did ___" (completed past action)
I haere ahau ki te toa.I went to the shop.
I kai ratou i te hangi.They ate at the hangi.
I korero Maori koe?Did you speak Maori?
I mahi toku papa inanahi.My father worked yesterday.
I oho ahau i te ata.I woke up in the morning.
I noho matou ki Wainuiomata.We lived in Wainuiomata.
Ahua Reo 6 — Location (Kei hea / Kei ___)

Kei hea? / Kei ___ ___

Where is / present location
Kei hea [noun]? — "Where is ___?"  ·  Kei [place] [subject] — "___ is at ___"
Kei hea tou mama?Where is your mother?
Kei te kainga ia.She is at home.
Kei runga i te tepu.It is on the table.
Kei raro i te nohoanga.It is under the chair.
Kei Poneke toku hoa.My friend is in Wellington.
Te Maramataka — The Maori Lunar Calendar

The Maramataka connects human activity to the moon's cycles. Each phase has a name and guides what is best done — planting, fishing, resting, or travelling. Using it is an act of Waiora — aligning your life with the environment.

PhaseNameBest for
New moonWhiroRest — avoid heavy planting or fishing
CrescentTireaGood for planting kumara
GrowingHoataGood for fishing
HalfOikeGood for travel
Full moonRakaunuiExcellent for all activities — peak energy
Post-fullTangaroa-a-rotoBest fishing — Tangaroa's domain
WaningOtaneGood for planting root vegetables
Nga Kupu Wa — Time Words
MaoriEnglishExample
InanahiYesterdayI mahi ahau inanahi.
Inaianei / AianeiNow / todayKei te ako ahau inaianei.
ApopoTomorrowKa haere ahau apopo.
AtaMorningI oho ahau i te ata.
AwateaDawnKa ara ia i te awatea.
TauihiMiddayKa kai tatou i te tauihi.
AhiahiAfternoon / eveningKei te haumaru ahiahi.
PoNightI moe ratou i te po.
Tauira — Describe Your Day

He aha au mahi i tenei ra? — Fill in and say aloud

I oho ahau i te          . (time of day — ata, awatea, tauihi)
I              ahau i te ata.
Kei te              ahau inaianei.
Ka              ahau i te ahiahi.
Ko te Maramataka o tenei ra ko          . (today's lunar phase)
He           tenei ra. (pai=good, uaua=difficult, koa=joyful)
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Waiora — Monthly Reflection
"He pehea tou hauora i tenei wa?" — How is your total wellbeing right now?

Use past tense (I) to reflect on this month. What happened? What changed? What do you carry forward?

I ________________________________________________
I ________________________________________________
Kei te _________________________________________
Ka ________________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 3 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: Describe your day (5 minutes)

Tell the story of yesterday from waking to sleeping. Use I (past), Kei te (present), Ka (future). Include 3 time words and 2 location expressions. Mention today's Maramataka phase.

✍️ Written: He aha ou mahi i tenei ra? (200 words)

A diary entry in te reo. Use all three tenses. Include the Maramataka phase and comment on how it felt.

🌿 Ora Task: Waiora check-in

Rate your wellbeing this week across 5 areas (1–5): Tinana (body), Hinengaro (mind), Wairua (spirit), Whanau (family), Taiao (environment). Write one sentence about each in te reo.

Marama 4 · Wahanga 2
🐙 Te Wheke — Taha Wairua (Spirituality)

Huihui Maori

Marae, Tikanga & the Spiritual Dimension

Taha Wairua extends beyond personal spirituality to include connection to whenua, whanau, and cultural identity. The marae is its physical expression — tapu, noa, and karakia are its language. This month you learn passive sentences, commands, and the full powhiri process.

Passive-tia/-a/-hia
CommandsE ___! / Kaua!
300 wordsWritten
🌿
Te Wheke Dimension — Taha Wairua
Spirituality — Connection Beyond the Self
Taha wairua encompasses connection to whenua, whanau, cultural identity, and the spiritual realm. Recognising taha wairua in everyday life enhances wellbeing and engagement. Karakia are not just ritual — they are a daily practice of wairua that grounds and centres you.
Ora Practice — This Month

Begin and end each day with a karakia this month. Use the Karakia Timatanga in the morning and a simple "Unuhia, unuhia — mauri ora!" at night. Notice how it shifts the quality of your attention.

Ahua Reo 7 — Commands (Imperative)

E ___! / Kaua e ___!

Commands — do / don't
E [verb]! — "Do ___!"  ·  Kaua e [verb]! — "Don't ___!"
E noho!Sit!
E tu!Stand!
Haere mai!Come here! / Welcome!
Kaua e korero!Don't speak!
E korero Maori!Speak Maori!
Kaua e wareware!Don't forget!
Ahua Reo 8 — Passive Voice

___-tia / -a / -hia / -ngia

The action happens to the subject
Ka [verb+passive] te [object] — "The [object] is/was ___-ed" · Most common: -tia
Ka korerotia te reo Maori.The Maori language is spoken.
Ka tahuna te ahi.The fire was lit.
Ka whakatuwheratia te hui.The meeting was opened.
Ka karangahia ratou.They were called/summoned.
Nga Karakia — Wairua in Daily Practice
Karakia Timatanga — Opening
Whakataka te hau ki te uru,
Whakataka te hau ki te tonga.
Kia makinakina ki uta,
Kia mataratara ki tai.
E hi ake ana te atakura.
He tio, he huka, he hau.
Tuturu o whiti whakamaua kia tina. Tina!
Hui e! Taiki e!

Cease the winds from the west, cease the winds from the south. Let the breeze blow from the shore, let the breeze blow o'er the sea. Let the red-tipped dawn come with a sharpened air, a touch of frost, a promise of a glorious day.

Karakia Kai — Before Food
Nau mai e nga hua o te wao,
o te ngakina, o te ngakina,
ki runga ki te ahua o Rongo.
Whangaia mai, whangaia mai.
Amene.
Karakia Whakamutunga — Closing
Unuhia, unuhia, unuhia ki uta ra.
Unuhia ki uta ra.
Mauri ora!
Te Tikanga o te Powhiri — The Welcome Process
#StageWhat happens
1KarangaWomen call to welcome manuhiri (visitors) onto the marae
2Haka powhiriA haka of welcome may be performed by the tangata whenua
3WhaikoreroSpeeches from both tangata whenua and manuhiri
4WaiataA song follows each speech to uphold the speaker
5KohaA gift is presented from the manuhiri side
6HongiPressing of noses — sharing the breath of life (hau ora)
7KaiShared meal — eating together lifts tapu, making everyone noa
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Taha Wairua — Monthly Reflection
"He aha nga mea e hono ana i a koe ki o tupuna?" — What connects you to your ancestors?
Ko ________________________________________________
He ________________________________________________
Ka korerotia ___________________________________
No reira, ________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 4 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: Lead a karakia (3 minutes)

Lead the Karakia Timatanga from memory. Then explain in te reo what it means and when it is used. Use at least 3 sentences of explanation.

✍️ Written: Tikanga o te marae (300 words)

Describe the powhiri process in te reo. Use passive voice at least 3 times. Include tapu and noa in your explanation.

🌿 Ora Task: Wairua practice

Use karakia every day this month — morning, before kai, and at closing. At the end of the month write 3 sentences (in te reo) about how it affected your taha wairua.

Marama 5 · Wahanga 2
🐙 Te Wheke — Ha a Koro Ma, a Kui Ma (Ancestral Breath)

Matariki

Matariki, the Stars & Ancestral Wisdom

Ha a Koro Ma, a Kui Ma recognises the enduring influence of ancestral wisdom, cultural traditions, and intergenerational knowledge. Matariki is the most vivid expression of this — a time to remember those who have passed and carry their breath forward. This month you learn future tense, questions, and all 9 stars.

Ka ___Future/habitual
9 starsMatariki
350 wordsWritten
Te Wheke Dimension — Ha a Koro Ma, a Kui Ma
The Breath of Elders — Ancestral Knowledge
This dimension recognises the enduring influence of ancestral wisdom, cultural traditions, and intergenerational knowledge on health. Matariki is the annual moment of connection — grieving those who have passed since the last rising, and looking forward with intention. Honouring it is honouring this dimension of Te Wheke.
Ora Practice — This Month

This month, ask a kaumatua, koroua or kuia in your life to share a story. Or if they have passed, write down what you remember of them. Say their name aloud under the stars — their ha (breath) lives in you.

Ahua Reo 9 — Ka (Future / Habitual / Sequential)

Ka ___ ___

Future actions, habits, sequential events
Ka [verb] [subject] — "will ___" / "___s (habitually)" / sequence: first this, then that
Ka ara nga whetuu o Matariki.The stars of Matariki will rise.
Ka heke nga roimata.Tears will fall.
Ka timata te tau hou.The new year will begin.
Ka kai, ka korero, ka waiata.We eat, then speak, then sing. (sequence)
Ka haere ahau ki te wananga.I will go to the wananga.
Nga Whetuu 9 o Matariki
StarDomainMeaning for this year
MatarikiHealth, environment, PapatuanukuThe lead star — overall wellbeing and connection to land
Puaka / PuangaFood from the groundUsed by some iwi as the primary new year star
TupuanukuCrops in the earthKumara, taro, root vegetables — what grows below
TupuarangiFood from aboveFruit, berries — what grows in trees and sky
WaitiFreshwaterEels, rivers, streams — freshwater resources
WaitaSaltwater / oceanSea creatures, fishing, ocean resources
Waipuna-a-RangiRainWater from the sky — forecasting rain for the year
UrurangiWindsNature of winds for the coming year
Hiwa-i-te-rangiAspirations / wishing starKarakia your intentions for the new year to this star
Tauira — Karakia ki a Hiwa-i-te-rangi

Write your intention for this year to the wishing star

E Hiwa-i-te-rangi, whakarongo mai.
Ko taku hiahia mo tenei tau ko                    .
Ka             ahau i tenei tau. (what you will do)
He             toku ngakau. (state of heart — aroha, koa, manawanui)
Tukua mai to mana ki runga i a matou. Mauri ora.
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Ha a Koro Ma, a Kui Ma — Monthly Reflection
""Ko wai o tupuna e whai mana ana ki a koe?" — Which ancestors hold the greatest influence over you?"
Ka ________________________________________________
He ________________________________________________
Ko ________________________________________________
Na reira, ___________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 5 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: Matariki korero (7 minutes)

Name all 9 stars without notes. Describe the personal significance of Matariki to you and your whanau. Use Ka for at least 5 statements.

✍️ Written: He tuhinga mo Matariki (350 words)

What Matariki is, why it matters, the 9 stars, and your intentions (karakia to Hiwa-i-te-rangi). Include 3 emotion words.

🌿 Ora Task: Ha a Koro Ma

Name 3 elders (living or passed) who have shaped who you are. Write one Ka sentence about what each gave you that you carry forward.

Marama 6 · Wahanga 2
🐙 Te Wheke — Whatumanawa (Emotional Expression)

Ngahau — He Hari, He Koa

Celebration, Joy & Emotional Fluency

Whatumanawa is the dimension of emotional expression — the open and healthy expression of feelings. This month, celebration becomes your classroom. You learn the stative Kua, negation, and the full vocabulary of emotion. Koa (joy), pouri (grief), aroha (love) — name them in te reo and they become real.

Kua ___Stative/perfect
Negation4 forms
400 wordsWritten
💛
Te Wheke Dimension — Whatumanawa
Emotional Expression — Feeling Fully
Whatumanawa is about the open, healthy expression of emotion — both painful and joyful. In te ao Maori, emotions are not suppressed but given voice through waiata, tangi, and korero. Learning the vocabulary of emotion in te reo is an act of emotional liberation — naming what you feel gives it shape and dignity.
Ora Practice — This Month

Each evening, name one emotion you felt today in te reo. Write it down: "I koa ahau i..." / "I pouri ahau i..." / "I ohorere ahau i...". This is your Whatumanawa journal.

Ahua Reo 10 — Kua (Stative / Perfect)

Kua ___ ___

Something has happened — a state has been achieved
Kua [verb] [subject] — "has ___-ed" / "is now in the state of ___"
Kua oti te mahi.The work is done.
Kua maoa te hangi.The hangi is cooked.
Kua mohio ahau.I now understand.
Kua tae mai ratou.They have arrived.
Kua heke nga roimata.Tears have fallen.
Kua koa toku ngakau.My heart is now joyful.
Ahua Reo 11 — Negation (4 forms)

Kahore — negates Kei te / Ka

Kahore ahau e haere ana.
I am not going.
Kahore he kai i reira.
There is no food there.

Ehara — negates Ko / He

Ehara ia i te kaiako.
He is not a teacher.
Ehara tenei i taku pukapuka.
This is not my book.

Kihai — negates past (I)

Kihai ahau i haere.
I did not go.
Kihai ratou i kai.
They did not eat.

Kaua — negates commands

Kaua e haere!
Don't go!
Kaua e tangi.
Don't cry.
Nga Kupu Hinengaro — Emotion Vocabulary
MaoriEnglishExample
ArohaLove / compassionKua puta mai te aroha. — Love has emerged.
KoaJoyful / happyKua koa toku ngakau. — My heart is joyful.
PouriSad / grievingHe pouri toku ngakau. — My heart is sad.
RiriAngryKaua e riri. — Don't be angry.
MatakuAfraidKua mataku ahau. — I have become afraid.
OhorereSurprised / astonishedKa ohorere ahau! — I am astonished!
Manawa oraRelieved / refreshedKua manawa ora ahau. — I am restored.
NgakauHeart / inner feelingHe aroha toku ngakau ki a koe.
Arotake Ora — Whatumanawa Reflection
Te Wheke · Whatumanawa — Monthly Reflection
"He aha nga ahuatanga o tou ngakau i tenei marama?" — What have been the emotional experiences of your heart this month?
I koa ahau i ________________________________________
I pouri ahau i ______________________________________
Kua ________________________________________________
Ka ________________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 6 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: 15-minute korero on any kaupapa

Sustain 15 minutes of spoken te reo. Assessed on: use of Kua, correct negation, range of tenses, ability to self-correct. Use emotion vocabulary at least 5 times.

✍️ Written: Describe a celebration (400 words)

A real or imagined whanau gathering. Use all 4 tenses. Kua at least 4 times. Negation at least twice. At least 4 emotion words.

🌿 Ora Task: Whatumanawa journal review

Review your emotion journal from this month. Write a short paragraph (in English or te reo) about what you noticed in your emotional life. He aha nga ahua o tou ngakau?

Marama 7 · Wahanga 3
🐙 Te Wheke — Mauri (Life Force)

Nga Whakataukii

Proverbs, Metaphor & the Life Force

Mauri is the essential life force that sustains physical, emotional, and spiritual wellbeing. Whakataukii are concentrated mauri — they carry the life force of generations in a single phrase. This month you learn 8 core whakataukii, temporal sentences, and how to argue and connect ideas in te reo.

8 whakataukiiCore proverbs
TemporalI a...e...ana
450 wordsWritten
🔥
Te Wheke Dimension — Mauri
Life Force — What Sustains You
Mauri represents the essential life force that sustains physical, emotional, and spiritual wellbeing. Every whakataukii you learn this month carries the mauri of those who spoke before you. Saying them aloud is an act of mauri restoration.
Ora Practice — This Month

Choose one whakataukii as your personal touchstone for the month. Write it somewhere you see it daily. Say it each morning. Notice how its meaning shifts as you encounter different situations.

8 Whakataukii Matua — Core Proverbs
He aha te mea nui o te ao? He tangata, he tangata, he tangata.
What is the greatest thing in the world? It is people, it is people, it is people.
Use when: prioritising human connection above all else. The triple repetition is intentional — Maori rhetoric uses repetition for emphasis. This is the heartbeat of Whanaungatanga.
Ehara taku toa i te toa takitahi, engari he toa takitini.
My strength is not the strength of one, but the strength of many.
Use when: acknowledging collective effort or those who support you. Directly expresses Te Wheke's truth — no tentacle works alone.
Whaia te iti kahurangi; ki te tuohu koe, me he maunga teitei.
Seek the treasure you value most dearly; if you bow your head, let it be to a lofty mountain.
Use when: encouraging yourself or others toward high aspirations. Your reo journey is exactly this — a lofty mountain worth bowing to.
He moana pukepuke e ekengia ana e te waka.
A choppy sea can be navigated by a canoe.
Use when: facing adversity or challenges. Mauri is what keeps the canoe moving. Even on rough water, you can navigate.
Hutia te rito o te harakeke, kei hea te komako e ko?
If you pull out the heart of the flax bush, where will the bellbird sing?
Use when: speaking about protecting children, the family centre, or the importance of nurturing the core. The rito is the child, the new growth. Without it, the song is lost.
Ka pu te ruha, ka hao te rangatahi.
As the old net wears out, the new net is woven.
Use when: acknowledging generational change and the rising of youth. Your tamariki in kohanga are the new net being woven right now.
Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori.
Language is the life force of Maori identity.
This is the whakataukii at the heart of your whole year. Your reo is your mauri made audible. Every word you speak is an act of mana.
Kia kaha, kia maia, kia manawanui.
Be strong, be brave, be steadfast.
Say this to yourself every day. In the hard weeks of this programme, this is your anchor. Mauri ora.
Ahua Reo 12 — Temporal Sentences

I a ___ e ___ ana, ...

When someone was doing something, something else happened
I a [subject] e [verb] ana, ka [result] — "While [subject] was ___-ing, [result] happened"
I a ia e korero ana, ka tangi ia.While she was speaking, she cried.
I a matou e kai ana, ka tae mai ratou.While we were eating, they arrived.
I a ahau e ako ana, ka marama ahau.While I was studying, I understood.
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Mauri — Monthly Reflection
""He aha nga mea e whakaorahia ana i tou mauri?" — What things are restoring your life force?"
Ko ________________________________________________
Ka ________________________________________________
Kua ________________________________________________
No reira, ___________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 7 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: Explain 3 whakataukii (8 minutes)

Recite each from memory. Explain literal meaning, deeper metaphorical meaning, and give an example of when you would use it. Connect each to a dimension of Te Wheke.

✍️ Written: Essay using whakataukii as framework (450 words)

Write about a challenge or value important to you. Open and close with a whakataukii. Use temporal sentences 3 times. Use connectives: engari, heoi, no reira.

🌿 Ora Task: Mauri check

Write a Mauri assessment for yourself right now. What is restoring your mauri? What is depleting it? Name each thing in te reo if you can.

Marama 8 · Wahanga 3
🐙 Te Wheke — Mana Ake (Unique Identity)

Korero Tu Rangatira

Oratory, Formal Speech & Your Unique Mana

Mana Ake refers to personal identity, self-worth, and the inherent dignity of each individual. The whaikorero is the ultimate expression of Mana Ake in te ao Maori — standing to speak with authority is an act of claiming your identity and your place. This month you learn formal speech structure and why-sentences.

WhaikoreroFormal structure
No te meaBecause/therefore
500 wordsWritten
👑
Te Wheke Dimension — Mana Ake
Unique Identity, Self-Worth & Dignity
Mana Ake refers to personal identity, self-worth, and the inherent dignity of each individual. When you stand and deliver a whaikorero, you are asserting your mana ake. Your voice matters. Your identity is valid. Your reo has power.
Ora Practice — This Month

Write 3 statements about who you are — not what you do, but who you ARE. Start each with "Ko ahau..." Use them as your personal affirmations this month. Say them in te reo every morning.

Ahua Reo 13 — No te mea / Na reira (Because / Therefore)

No te mea ___ / Na reira ___

Giving reasons and drawing conclusions
No te mea [reason] — "Because ___"  ·  Na reira [result] — "Therefore ___"
Ka ako ahau i te reo, no te mea he taonga nui.I learn the language, because it is a great treasure.
He nui nga mahi, na reira kei te ngenge ahau.There is a lot of work, therefore I am tired.
No te mea ko te reo toku mauri, ka tiaki ahau i a ia.Because the language is my life force, I protect it.
Te Hanganga o te Whaikorero — Speech Structure
#PartContent
1TauparaparaOpening chant — tribal or seasonal reference. Sets tone and roots you in identity.
2Mihi ki nga mate"Ko ratou ra, ko ratou — e nga mate, haere, haere, haere." Acknowledge those passed.
3Mihi ki te hunga oraGreet the living. "Tena koutou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa."
4KaupapaMain body — your topic, argument, message. Frame with whakataukii.
5Perorere / WhakakapiClosing — tie back, strong final image. "No reira, tena koutou katoa."
6WaiataA song must follow every speech. Choose one that supports your kaupapa.
Tauira — Your Whaikorero Scaffold

Build your 10-minute whaikorero — fill in each section

Tauparapara:                               
Mihi ki nga mate: Ko ratou ra, ko ratou. E nga mate, haere, haere, haere.
Mihi ki te hunga ora: Tena koutou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa.
Whakataukii 1:                               
Kaupapa (No te mea...):                          
Kaupapa (Na reira...):                              
Whakataukii 2 (closing):                             
Perorere: No reira, tena koutou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa.
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Mana Ake — Monthly Reflection
""Ko wai koe, i roto i nga kupu o tou ngakau?" — Who are you, in the words of your own heart?"
Ko ahau ____________________________________________
He ________________________________________________
Ka ________________________________________________
No reira, ___________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 8 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: 10-minute whaikorero

Full whaikorero: tauparapara, mihi ki nga mate, mihi ki te hunga ora, 2 whakataukii, no te mea sentences, perorere. Follow with a waiata.

✍️ Written: Formal tuhinga on te reo revitalisation (500 words)

Argue for te reo revitalisation using formal register. Include 2 whakataukii as evidence. Use no te mea and na reira multiple times.

🌿 Ora Task: Mana Ake affirmations

Write 5 Ko ahau... statements that affirm your identity and worth. Display them somewhere visible. Say them in te reo each morning this week.

Marama 9 · Wahanga 4
🐙 Te Wheke — Taha Hinengaro (Mind & Mental Health)

Haere ki Ro Kura

Advanced Grammar & Mental Wellbeing

Taha Hinengaro encompasses cognition, emotional health, and psychological resilience. Advanced grammar — relative clauses, causative sentences — is a workout for the hinengaro. The ability to reason, argue, and construct complex thought in te reo is itself a form of mental strength and cultural resilience.

Relative clausese...ana / i...ai
Na causativeNa___ i ___
550 wordsWritten
🧠
Te Wheke Dimension — Taha Hinengaro
Mind, Cognition & Psychological Resilience
Taha hinengaro encompasses cognition, emotional health, and psychological resilience. Learning te reo IS taha hinengaro work — it builds new neural pathways, strengthens memory, and provides a culturally grounded framework for thinking about the world.
Ora Practice — This Month

Notice your thinking patterns in te reo this month. When you catch yourself thinking a sentence you already know in te reo — celebrate it. Your hinengaro is rewiring. Write one thought per day that you had in te reo (even partially).

Ahua Reo 14 — Relative Clauses

te tangata e ___ ana / i ___ ai

Describing a noun with a relative clause
te [noun] e [verb] ana — "the [noun] who is ___-ing" · te [noun] i [verb] ai — "the [noun] who ___-ed"
Ko ia te tangata e korero Maori ana.She is the person who speaks Maori.
Ko ia te kaiako i ako ai i a ahau.She is the teacher who taught me.
Ko tenei te waiata i waiatatia ai.This is the song that was sung.
Ko tenei te kainga e noho ana ratou.This is the home where they live.
Ahua Reo 15 — Causative (Na ___ i ___)

Na ___ i ___

It was ___ who did ___ (attributing cause)
Na [agent] i [verb] — past causative — "It was [agent] who ___-ed"
Na Hemi i hanga tenei whare.It was Hemi who built this house.
Na taku kaiako i ako mai ahau.It was my teacher who taught me.
Na wai i tango i taku pukapuka?Who took my book?
Na toku whanau i whakaako ahau.It was my family who educated me.
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Taha Hinengaro — Monthly Reflection
""He pehea tou hinengaro i tenei wa?" — How is your mind and mental wellbeing right now?"
Na ________________________________________________
Kua ________________________________________________
Ka ________________________________________________
No reira, ___________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 9 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: 12-minute debate in te reo

Debate a topic with your hoa ako or kaiako. Use relative clauses 4+ times, Na causative 3+ times. Be ready to argue both sides.

✍️ Written: Argumentative tuhinga (550 words)

Argue a position meaningful to you. Use relative clauses, causative sentences, whakataukii for evidence, and formal connectives.

🌿 Ora Task: Hinengaro audit

How is your mental wellbeing right now? Write 5 sentences — what is strengthening your hinengaro and what is challenging it. Use Na ___ i ___ to attribute causes.

Marama 10 · Wahanga 4
🐙 Te Wheke — Taha Tinana (Physical Wellbeing)

Ahua Hou

Advanced Patterns, Nuance & Physical Wellbeing

Taha Tinana is the physical dimension — the body, movement, exercise, kai, and rest. This month you master the subtle distinctions between Ka/Kua/Kei te, and you connect your reo practice to a physical wellbeing commitment. A strong body and a strong reo are not separate — they are both expressions of mauri.

70 patternsFull integration
20 minsOral target
600 wordsWritten
💪
Te Wheke Dimension — Taha Tinana
Physical Wellbeing — The Body as Taonga
Taha Tinana is about physical health — exercise, nutrition, rest, and bodily care. In Te Wheke, the body is not separate from mind and spirit — it is one tentacle of a connected whole. This month, bring te reo into your physical practice. Name your exercises, your kai, your rest in te reo.
Ora Practice — This Month

Choose a physical practice to commit to this month — walking, training, swimming, gardening. Name every part of it in te reo. "Kei te heke ahau" (I am going downhill). "Kei te toa toku tinana" (My body is strong). Your body deserves te reo too.

Ka vs Kua vs Kei te — The Critical Distinction
ParticleUseExampleNuance
Kei tePresent — happening nowKei te heke ahau.I am going right now
KaFuture / habitual / sequentialKa heke ahau.I will go / I go (generally)
KuaState achieved / perfectKua heke ahau.I have gone (and am now in the arrived state)
IPast — specific completed actionI heke ahau inanahi.I went yesterday (at that time)
E ___ anaOngoing / continuousE heke ana ahau.I am in the process of going (emphasis on continuity)
Nga Kupu Tinana — Body & Physical Vocabulary
MaoriEnglishExample
TinanaBody / physicalHe kaha toku tinana. — My body is strong.
Hau oraHealth / vitalityKa tiaki ahau i toku hau ora.
NgengeTired / exhaustedKei te ngenge ahau.
KahaStrongKa kaha ake toku tinana.
MoeSleepI moe pai ahau inanahi po.
KaiFood / to eatHe kai ora taku kai.
HaereGo / walk / travelKa haere ahau ki te heke maunga.
OraAlive / well / healthyKei te ora toku tinana, toku hinengaro.
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Taha Tinana — Monthly Reflection
""He aha ou mahi hei tiaki i tou tinana i tenei marama?" — What have you done to care for your body this month?"
I ________________________________________________
Kei te ____________________________________________
Ka ________________________________________________
No reira, ___________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 10 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Oral: 20-minute korero on a complex kaupapa

Sustain 20 minutes. Assessed on: correct tense selection, nominalisations, relative clauses, whakataukii, ability to self-correct. Topic must relate to Te Wheke dimensions.

✍️ Written: Research-based tuhinga (600 words)

Research a topic in te ao Maori. Write formally. Use nominalisations 4+ times. Acknowledge sources in te reo.

🌿 Ora Task: Taha Tinana commitment

Write your physical wellbeing commitment for the month. What are you doing for your tinana? Use Kei te, Ka, Kua across the month to report on how it's going.

Marama 11 · Wahanga 5
🐙 Te Wheke — Waiora Katoa (All Dimensions Together)

Tuhi Tika

Writing Well — Bringing All of Te Wheke Together

This month you write — and in writing, you integrate everything. Every essay is an act of Waiora Katoa: bringing all dimensions of Te Wheke into one expression. You learn formal essay structure, register, and metaphor. Your 30-minute whakapuaki practice begins. The year is nearly whole.

Essay structure5-part
30 minsPractice whakapuaki
700 wordsWritten
✍️
Te Wheke — Waiora Katoa
All Dimensions, All Together
By Month 11, all 10 dimensions of Te Wheke are active in your life. Waiora Katoa — total wellbeing — is not a destination but a dynamic, ongoing balance. Your writing this month reflects that. You are not just practising grammar; you are synthesising a year of growth across reo, wairua, hinengaro, tinana, whanau, and mauri.
Ora Practice — This Month

Map yourself against all 10 Te Wheke dimensions today. Rate each 1–5. Write one sentence in te reo about each. This is your Waiora Katoa portrait — the most honest self-assessment you can do.

Te Hanganga o te Tuhinga Roa — 5-Part Essay Structure
SectionNamePurposeLength
1WhakatuwheraOpening — introduce kaupapa, open with whakataukii, set context~100 words
2Tinana 1First argument — evidence, examples, whakataukii~150 words
3Tinana 2Second argument — expand, contrast, deepen~150 words
4Tinana 3Synthesis — counter-arguments addressed, broader context~150 words
5WhakakapiConclusion — restate position, close with whakataukii or call to action~100 words
Te Wheke Self-Assessment — He Arotake Waiora

Rate each dimension 1–5. Write one te reo sentence about each.

Te Whanau (family foundation):   /5 —                        
Waiora (total wellbeing):   /5 —                        
Taha Wairua (spirituality):   /5 —                        
Taha Hinengaro (mind):   /5 —                        
Taha Tinana (body):   /5 —                        
Whanaungatanga (relationships):   /5 —                   
Mauri (life force):   /5 —                        
Mana Ake (unique identity):   /5 —                      
Ha a Koro Ma (ancestral breath):   /5 —                  
Whatumanawa (emotional expression):   /5 —               
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Waiora Katoa — Monthly Reflection
""He pehea ou waiora katoa i tenei wa?" — How is your total wellbeing across all dimensions right now?"
Ko ________________________________________________
Kua ________________________________________________
Ka ________________________________________________
No reira, ___________________________________________
Aromatawai — Assessment

Marama 11 — Assessment Tasks

🎤 Practice Whakapuaki (30 minutes)

Deliver a 30-minute presentation on your Month 12 kaupapa. Peer/kaiako feedback. Focus: range of patterns, whakataukii integration, natural transitions, Te Wheke connections.

✍️ Tuhinga Roa (700+ words)

Formal 5-part essay. Topic: what this year of te reo has done for your ora across the 10 dimensions of Te Wheke. Use all major pattern types. Open and close with whakataukii.

🌿 Ora Task: Full Te Wheke mapping

Complete the self-assessment template above. Share your results with a trusted person. What surprises you? What do you want to strengthen in Month 12?

Marama 12 · Wahanga 5
🐙 Te Wheke — Te Wheke Ora Katoa (The Whole Living Octopus)

Te Tino Whakapuaki

The Final Presentation — 1 Hour, Reo Anake

You have moved through all 10 dimensions of Te Wheke. You have spoken your identity, named your family, aligned with the natural world, honoured your ancestors, expressed your emotions, stood in your mana, strengthened your hinengaro, cared for your tinana. Now you speak — for one hour, in te reo anake.

1 hourReo anake
Te WhekeAll 10 dimensions
800 wordsFinal tuhinga
🐙
Te Wheke — The Whole Octopus, Fully Alive
Te Wheke Ora Katoa — Complete Holistic Wellbeing
In Te Wheke, all parts are interconnected — when one is affected, all are. You have spent 12 months strengthening each tentacle. Your reo is now the thread that connects them all. When you stand to speak for one hour in te reo, every dimension of Te Wheke is present — whanau, wairua, hinengaro, tinana, whanaungatanga, mauri, mana ake, the breath of your elders, your emotions, and total wellbeing.
Ora Practice — Final Month

Each day this month, write one sentence that captures something from your year. By the end, you will have 30 sentences — a portrait of your journey. Read them aloud before your whakapuaki. They are your tauparapara.

Te Arotake Katoa — Full Year Review
MaramaReo KaupapaTe Wheke DimensionKey Pattern
1Ko Au TeneiTe Whanau (the head)Ko, He, O/A possession
2Te WhanauWhanaungatangaKei te, Numbers
3Te Wa me te TaiaoWaiora (the eyes)I (past), Kei hea, Maramataka
4Huihui MaoriTaha WairuaPassive, Commands, Karakia
5MatarikiHa a Koro Ma, a Kui MaKa, Questions, 9 stars
6NgahauWhatumanawaKua, Negation, Emotion
7Nga WhakataukiiMauriTemporal, Connectives, 8 proverbs
8Korero RangatiraMana AkeNo te mea, Whaikorero
9Haere ki Ro KuraTaha HinengaroRelative clauses, Na causative
10Ahua HouTaha TinanaKa/Kua/Kei te distinction
11Tuhi TikaWaiora Katoa5-part essay, Register
12Te Tino WhakapuakiTe Wheke Ora KatoaAll 70 patterns — authentic use
Te Hanganga o te Whakapuaki — 1-Hour Structure

Structure your 1-hour whakapuaki through the lens of Te Wheke

0–5 mins: Tauparapara + pepeha + mihi ki nga mate + mihi ki te hunga ora
5–10 mins: Whakatuwhera — kaupapa + opening whakataukii + connection to Te Wheke
10–25 mins: Tinana 1 — your reo journey through the lens of Whanau / Whanaungatanga / Waiora
25–40 mins: Tinana 2 — Wairua, Mauri, Mana Ake — how your identity has grown
40–50 mins: Tinana 3 — Hinengaro, Tinana, Whatumanawa, Ha a Koro Ma — wholeness
50–55 mins: Whakakapi — the octopus is whole. What do you carry forward? Final whakataukii.
55–60 mins: Patai — take questions from audience in te reo anake
He Kupu Whakamutunga — Final Words
Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori.
Language is the life force of Maori identity.
You began this year with this whakataukii. You end it having lived it — through every dimension of Te Wheke. Your reo is your whakapapa made audible, your mauri made visible, your mana made real. Every word you speak from here carries the weight of all who spoke before you and the promise of all who will speak after — including your tamariki, learning te reo in kohanga and kura right now, listening to you speak.
Arotake Ora — Wellbeing Reflection
Te Wheke · Te Wheke Ora Katoa — Monthly Reflection
""He aha tou kaupeka o Te Wheke kaha rawa atu inaianei?" — Which tentacle of Te Wheke is strongest in you right now?"
Ko ________________________________________________
He ________________________________________________
Ka ________________________________________________
Tena koutou katoa. ___________________________________
Aromatawai Whakamutunga — Final Assessment

Marama 12 — Final Assessment

⭐ Te Tino Whakapuaki — 1 hour, reo anake

Deliver your full 1-hour whakapuaki to an audience. Te reo Maori only throughout — including questions. Assessed on:

  • Fluent use of all pattern types across the year
  • Integration of whakataukii and tikanga (natural, not forced)
  • Connection to Te Wheke dimensions throughout
  • Spontaneous response to questions in te reo
  • Mana, ihi, and presence in delivery
  • Appropriate opening (pepeha, tauparapara) and closing (waiata, perorere)
✍️ Final Tuhinga Roa (800 words)

Your journey this year — what you learned, what changed in you, what you carry forward. Use all major pattern types. Open and close with whakataukii. Write through Te Wheke. Write with mana.

🌿 He Karakia Hou — Your Own Original Karakia

Compose your own karakia for the end of this year. Acknowledge your maunga, awa, and iwi from your pepeha. Give thanks for the learning. Call your reo forward into the next year. This karakia is yours — ngakau pono, from the true heart.

Kia kaha, kia maia, kia manawanui.
Be strong, be brave, be steadfast.
Ko te reo rangatira — it is a taonga that grows with every word.
Ko koe tenei i tenei ra. This is you, today.

Tena koutou. Tena koutou. Tena koutou katoa.